Atomic radius is half the distance between two atoms that are just touching. In chemistry and physics, the main group elements are any of the chemical elements belonging to the s and p blocks of the periodic table. The elements will be considered by group after an introductory section that reviews several concepts that help to make sense of periodic trends in the descriptive chemistry of these elements. In addition to the common properties of elements in groups and periods, the chart organizes elements according to trends in ionic or atomic radius, electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity. It is a column of elements in the periodic table that all have similar properties. ![]() Chlorine atoms bridge Al centers in aluminum chloride dimer at left while the structure of pentaborane nonahydride shown at right includes four B-H-B bridge bonds arranged around the open face of a cluster of five B atoms held together by cluster bonds. This table organizes the elements by increasing atomic number into rows ('periods') in which the columns ('groups') share recurring ('periodic') physical and chemical properties.
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